扪心问诊第一季

第一集我是完全没有从Laura有点混乱的叙述中听出她喜欢医生。以后再重看，看看能不能分析出来。
第二集他一开始提到Dan是gay我就有点怀疑他也是gay了。医生提到他妈死亡的时候我感觉这个人肯定是对死亡的痛苦和恐惧太深，又不会疏导，所以把这种感情深深压抑下去，不敢面对。他的典型的完美主义者啊，用完美主义的表象掩盖自己的弱点。他不敢承认自己是不完美的这一事实。他害怕做决定，害怕承担责任，我也一样啊。我是如此害怕做决定，如此害怕承担后果。我其实像一个5岁的小女孩啊。
哎呀，第三集的小姑娘和我很像啊，谈论悲伤的事情时会笑，很有自杀倾向，不爱谈论自己，独生女。When she was angry, she wanted her mother to call just so she could get angry with her.
google 了erotic transference，找到这一篇

A Remedy for Family Failure

Now, one very common lack in contemporary families is the failure to treat children with unconditional nurturing guidance and protection. So instead of learning true love in their families, children—through all sorts of family manipulation and game-playing, if not outright abuse—are essentially taught to fear love. And the pain of all this loneliness, guilt, and fear will live on in the unconscious, in a sort of timeless emotional imprisonment, even as the child grows through childhood and adolescence to adulthood.

So, suffering from psychological pain, you will seek out psychotherapy. Through healthy and honest interactions with a psychotherapist, you can learn to think and act in new, emotionally honest ways, different from the psychological defenses created in childhood, and current problems and symptoms can be remedied.

In this profound interaction with the psychotherapist, however, a new problem can emerge.

 
Feeling Special

As you begin to encounter genuine concern for your well-being, the whole experience of psychotherapy can feel overwhelming and intoxicating. Once having felt ignored and misunderstood, and now feeling noticed and understood—and not rejected—you can start to feel special. Moreover, you can begin to believe that the psychotherapist is special as well.

When this happens, everything can take on a feeling of erotic “love.”

You see quote marks around the word love in the last sentence because erotic feelings are really feelings of desire, not love. I want to know more about the psychotherapist’s personal life. I want to know what he or she likes. I want to be with him or her outside the psychotherapy sessions. I want to believe that he or she feels an attraction to me. And so on. That’s desire. It’s desire because it is based in what “I want,” not in what you or someone else needs.

  
        

Think for a moment about the whole purpose of family life and wonder what any infant needs. Well, an infant, born into the world completely helpless, needs protection and guidance in order to grow and develop its own abilities, so that, in maturity, he or she can go out into the world to do good for others. That protection and guidance—which is an aspect of true love—isn’t meant to make you feel “happy”; it’s meant to help you develop your unique talents and grow into a productive member of the whole human family.
        

  

Now, true love does have a function in psychotherapy. Love can be defined as “willing the good of another,” and this is precisely what the psychotherapist is ethically bound to do for all clients. The psychotherapist wills the good of all clients by ensuring that all actions within the psychotherapy serve the client’s need to overcome the symptoms that prevent the client from living a useful and meaningful life.

 
Flirting with Emotional Disaster

As unpleasant as it may be to admit it, erotic “love” is based on infantile needs to be received, accepted, and satisfied. When someone feels intensely received, accepted, and satisfied, then he or she is “in love.” But sooner or later that intensity will be broken. The break doesn’t even have to be the result of malicious neglect; it can simply be the result of a need to attend to other obligations in the world, and, in the person feeling neglected, intense jealousy can flare up.

This explains why “lovers,” friends, and blog readers, with all their personal needs and desires, cannot function psychotherapeutically. And it explains philosophically—above and beyond any laws or professional ethics—why psychotherapists cannot be friends or “lovers” to their clients. If they try, it will lead to psychological disaster, for without the “third person” of the unconscious in the consulting room the psychotherapy will degenerate into emotional chaos.

 
Understanding the Erotic Transference

Erotic “love” within the psychotherapy—technically called an erotic transference—is not necessarily a bad thing, though. That is, it’s not a bad thing if it can be understood as one essential step toward learning true love.

Just as any child who receives gifts from others must first go through a phase of development characterized by a “hoarding” or “clinging” mentality—Mine! Mine!—before learning to share with others, so you, in feeling the enthralling acceptance of your psychotherapist, will at first want to hoard that feeling and claim it as your own personal possession. But that feeling can’t stop there, and your psychotherapist’s job is to make sure it doesn’t stop there.

  
        

Sadly, many psychotherapists are not very competent in dealing with subtle psychodynamic issues. In fact, many psychotherapists feel uncomfortable with a client’s erotic transference. Why? Because many psychotherapists are unconsciously caught up in their own erotic transference with the world around them. And so these incompetent psychotherapists can make a mess of the whole process. Instead of just admitting, “Sure, you’re an interesting and attractive person. But that’s not what this work is all about. So let’s get on with the real work,” they try to hide behind a forced façade of neutrality that only leaves the client exasperated and confused. And if the client tries to speak about his or her feelings, an incompetent psychotherapist will shy away from really exploring the depth and vast unconscious extent of those feelings. Or an incompetent psychotherapist will, for his or her personal satisfaction, “fan the flames” of the client’s desire. Yet none of this is psychotherapy—it’s just more of the same manipulation and game-playing that has brought the client into treatment in the first place.
        

  

So remember why someone goes into psychotherapy: to experience a sense of genuine recognition so as to overcome the lack that disturbs current social functioning. Once all the manipulation, game-playing, and dishonesty that characterize your interpersonal relationships are dissolved through the integrity and honesty of the therapeutic relationship, then you can enter into an honest life of true love for others.

Is a psychotherapist just a “paid friend”
or an “emotional prostitute”?

 
The Real Task of Psychotherapy

Your task in psychotherapy, then, after you experience that intoxicating feeling of unconditional recognition, is to recognize in the transference itself your desire to hoard that feeling. At this point it will be important to talk openly within the psychotherapy about those desires and explore their deepest unconscious significance. Talk about how good it feels to experience recognition and understanding. And talk about how painful it felt to have been unrecognized and criticized as a child.

Assuming you have a competent psychotherapist, resist the temptation to terminate the treatment so as to run from the embarrassment of honest communication. Work through the awkwardness of it all until your desires for the psychotherapist are seen for what they are: an intoxicating attempt to hoard feelings of recognition and understanding.

Then, having understood the profound difference between desire and love, and having worked through the unconscious illusions (i.e., psychological defenses) behind your intense desire for one person, you can proceed to offer genuine love to everyone.

 
Summary

When you are working to overcome the transference, keep in mind this important fact:

  
        

You are not “in love” with your psychotherapist; you are obsessed with the idea that another person can give you what has been missing in your life because of what your parents—especially your father—took away from you in your childhood.

我看过一次心理医生，在北京。是北师大的研究生，她对我进行观察，举动一目了然，但仍然是有用的，不是因为她告诉我“你很正常”，而是因为她的学识为我所理解的事件进行了新的注释，有一种理论的力量。

会经常有这样的时候吧，想把最近发生的事情统统告诉一个无关紧要的人。我其实想告诉认识的人，但距离都好远。又没法一遍遍在心里回放，话说出来的功效有如抽丝剥茧，如何描述、怎样表达都直白地流露出心思所在。

看完荣格的书以后，我开始记录所有睡醒时还清楚的梦，这个工程有时很浩大，像是在写分镜头剧本，有时又面临长时间的断档。总体上仍然是相当有用的，因为在现实生活里不能实现的情境多半会在睡梦中得到相应的补偿。很少人会停下来认真思考所渴求的东西，或是自己最核心的不满足到底在哪儿，所以记录梦境的方法就从反方向提供了捷径。

最近偶然发现这部美剧，看惯跌宕起伏情节的人一定会觉得无聊致死。每集就是心理医生Paul和他病人的对话，每周5集，4个固定的病人加上第5天Paul去自己的导师那里谈话。一口气看掉了10多集，像是接受了2个疗程的治疗。

我暂时找不到心理医生，但是Paul的提问常迫使我对自己进行反问。始终觉得，要找到一种方式和自己坦诚相待，是多么的重要。

Paul的故事在第一季的几个案例中是最让我难受的部分。看完后感觉憋得慌，不吐不快。

据说是最好的治疗师Paul人到中年，陷入了职业发展的危机，在最近的一系列治疗中感到有些力不从心，有个病人声称爱上了他；有个病人把他逼到墙角，他攻击了这个病人，差点动手打他；还有个病人吃了他卫生间的安眠药，企图在他面前自杀；他还对一对做夫妻治疗的病人说：“你应该把孩子打掉。”病人攻击他是杀人犯。总之，所有的案例都不顺利，但最让他不安的还是对妻子的怀疑。

不堪重负的Paul找到了Gina，多年前不欢而散的督导老师。Paul和Gina的关系有些模糊，又像督导师，又像治疗师，既讨论案例，也讨论Paul的个人生活，还给他和妻子做了几次夫妻治疗。

因为过去的恩怨，这个关系从一开始就充满了火药味。优秀的治疗师Paul在Gina那里是个难缠的病人。他不断地把自己放到治疗师的位置上，和Gina争夺控制权，同时也是用治疗师的身份来回避看自己。当Gina和Paul讨论他的感受，Paul常常说：“如果是我的一个病人这样，我会对他说balabala。”Paul对Gina的愤怒溢于言表，几乎所有的解释都被他挡回去，他根本不相信Gina在倾听他，理解他。他就像个青春期的孩子，不断挑衅，一心想要在父亲面前证明自己；有的时候他又像个逃避自己责任的孩子，当他告诉Laura考虑将她转介，Laura无法接受，他把责任推到Gina身上，都怪Gina出的馊主意。

Paul从一开始就把自己置于了一个无法从谈话中获益的位置，难怪Gina要问：“为什么偏偏是我？经过了过去那些事，你为什么还来找我？”Paul承认，他来就是为了证明自己，他觉得当年像个受伤的孩子从这里逃走，而今天他应该有能力和Gina抗衡了。一种糟糕的动力学配对。

如果说前面这一部分的权力斗争令我感到厌烦，那么夫妻治疗的一段则让我感到很悲伤。不知道孰因孰果，Paul的家庭生活极度空虚，把全部精力都放在病人身上，好像病人是他生活的全部。在那么多年的婚姻之后，Paul和Kate发现他们从来不曾真正看到对方，这真是一件可怕而又可悲的事情。Paul当年遇到Kate时，把她当做病人照顾她，倾听她，关心她，认真对待她，努力理解她说的每一句话。Kate感觉自己极度重要。当Paul把Kate娶回家，就好似治疗成功地结束了，Paul又有了新的病人，不再把注意力放在Kate身上。而Kate，则习惯于放弃自己迎合别人的需要，在这段关系中努力地做妻子，做母亲，唯独忘了做自己。一旦两个人看到自己生活的状态，如果是我，我不知道要怎么面对这个如此空虚的现实：我们从来不曾真的面对面在一起，我们一直都擦肩而过。

突然觉得治疗师是个可怕的职业。在咨访关系中感受到人造的亲密，这种关系对治疗师来说既亲密又安全，因为完全在治疗师掌控之中。而当他在经历了那么多过山车般的深刻情感之后回到自己的生活，他感觉到筋疲力尽，已没有力气和意愿再去经营现实生活中真正的关系。又或者反过来，治疗师也许正是因为无法在真实生活中建立有意义的关系，才会被这个职业所吸引。至少我觉得在很大程度上Paul正是如此。他需要照顾别人，需要掌控，需要别人需要他。不过，也不仅仅是治疗师这个职业，想想看，这个世界上有多少人为了逃避亲密关系中的风险而寄情于工作？

这几次谈话中，Paul和Gina反复争论治疗中的关键因素到底是精到的解释，还是温暖的关系；治疗中的情感卷入到底是错误还是对治疗有益？Paul的治疗是非常卷入的，他会直接对病人说：“我不爱的病人是无法治疗的。”这句话虽然没错，但不是每个治疗师都会挂在嘴上，Paul很需要病人需要他。结合Paul的个人史和关系模式，我意识到这并非一个专业技术的问题，而是治疗师的人格和个人需要的问题。特别是最后一次Gina在Paul一再的敌意挑衅下终于说出自己的感受那一刻，我理解了不卷入并不意味着治疗师没有情感，只是更节制、更谨慎地运用自己的感受罢了。

因为Paul是那么地依赖于作为治疗师的这一部分生活，所以我很能理解参加完Alex的葬礼后去见Gina的Paul显得如此空虚和失落。当他对自己是否真的对他人有意义，是否真的对他人的生活能够有所帮助感到怀疑的时候，他的支柱断裂了，他的生活垮了。那一次谈话中弥漫的空虚和悲伤几乎让我无法承受，又哭不出来，憋闷极了。

就写到这里戛然而止吧。第一季结束，Paul让自己见诸行动去找Laura，最终意识到Laura并没有真的爱上自己，并治好了Laura（在这个点上）。但Paul个人的故事远远没有结束，他还需要继续地去寻找自己。

Alex的案例应该算是一个失败的案例。当他开始接触到自己内心那些拒绝接受的部分时，他脱离了治疗，决定回到天空，回到那个一切尽在掌控让他感觉好的世界。然后，他死了，死因不详。作为一个动力学取向的咨询师，我不可能认为他的死亡和他内心未解决的冲突无关。

把Alex的七个治疗小节抽出来看了一遍，可以说Paul做得无懈可击。虽然一开始很困难，他们渐渐地开始取得进展。转折点就在Alex抓住Paul私人生活中的痛苦残忍地攻击他，Paul忍无可忍，一把抓住Alex，把他逼到墙角，把一杯咖啡泼到他脸上。治疗进入一个死胡同，然后置之死地而后生——隔周Alex回来了，两人有机会讨论Alex内心对自己的憎恨，并希望Paul以他期望的方式讨厌他，把他赶走。而Paul也改变了一直以来因为对方不断地挑战和试探而刻意在Alex面前维护的理想化形象。当Alex拿着帆船试图分析Paul的时候，Paul坦然承认自己在情感上是个失败者。这种示弱的姿态对不断地被期待更完美更强大的Alex至关重要，他终于也能够一点点地袒露自己内心的脆弱。

治疗取得进展的一个重要证据是我作为观众，和Paul一起，慢慢开始喜欢Alex，深深地被他打动，为他的痛苦而难过。心理治疗中很重要的转换是咨询师能够顶住对个案各种挑衅、试探而激起的负性情绪，慢慢地找到个案身上让人喜欢和同情的部分，从这里建立连接，并作为工作的基础。只有当我们真心地喜欢一个人，才会愿意帮他，才会设身处地地站在对方的立场考虑怎样才是对他最有利的。

但是，这条路对于Alex来说是很辛苦的。要让他面对自己的内心，那里有那么多的痛苦、恐惧、自我憎恨。一旦他放弃从小学会的用战胜整个世界来抵挡自己的内心的脆弱和无助，他的世界开始风雨飘摇，危险重重而看不到希望。他对Paul说：“我觉得自己做不到，无法完成这个治疗，到达我想要的目标。”Paul问：“你想要达到哪里？”Alex说：“让我不再那么憎恨自己。”

所以当他接到军方的电话，邀请他回去，他很自然地抓住了这根稻草。比起充满未知风险的自我探索，这条路要容易得多，也熟悉得多。对于一个在现实层面用自己的方式适应得不错，不，应该说是非常成功的人，要拥抱未知的变化确实是困难重重。对于Alex要求Paul对军方给出一个正面的评估，Paul非常为难，不管是在职业伦理上还是在和个案的感情上。可是Paul确实没得选择，拒绝只能导致治疗联盟的破裂，信任的崩塌，而对Alex不会有任何的帮助。Paul在说服无效的情况下，只能寄希望于下一次Alex在生活中再次遇到困难，产生足够继续治疗的动机。结果——是一场悲剧，Alex就此付出了仅仅39岁的生命，永远没有机会去真正看到自己的价值，过自己内心想过的生活。

公平地说，也不能说Alex的不幸结局是心理治疗导致的。在巴格达误炸平民学校事件之后，Alex内心被父亲灌输的要做个强者的信念和内心更人性的部分已经开始冲突，而在意识之外的冲突破坏性更大，所以他不断地自我惩罚，也无法继续飞行。但不管怎么样，这样的结局对于治疗师来说，是很不好受的。

在此，不仅是作为一个咨询师，更是作为一个经历了两年个人分析的病人，我想说：心理治疗是危险的。我们选择隔离一部分的自我，是因为那个部分太痛苦。一旦我们开始自我探索之路，就很难回头；当然，长程的治疗是很有价值的：最终我们会更了解自己，生活更自由，更有力量，更有弹性。改变甚至比你想象的要深远有力得多。但这需要一段很长很艰难的路程，在决定出发之前，希望你能问问自己：“我真的愿意忍受痛苦和困难来经历这一切吗？”